A cascade reaction or tandem reaction or domino reaction is
a consecutive series of intramolecular organic reactions which often proceed via highlyreactive
intermediates.
It
allows the organic synthesis of complex multinuclear molecules from a single acyclic precursor.
The substrate contains manyfunctional groups that take part in chemical transformations one at the time.
Often a functional group is generated in situ from the previous chemical transformation.
The definition
includes the prerequisite intramolecular in order to distinguish this reaction
type from a multi-component
reaction.
In
this sense it differs from the definition of a biochemical
cascade.
The
main advantages of a cascade reaction in organic synthesis are that the
reaction is often fast due to its intramolecular nature, the reaction is also
clean, displays high atom economy, does not involve
workup and isolation of many intermediates, and adds much complexity in
effectively one step.
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